管柱脱落的故障现象是:运行电流很低,基本上是电机的空载电流,除了有一股一股的气外,井口基本上无产液,正发循环时油套连通。The failure phenomenon of the string is: the running current is very low, basically the motor's no load current. Besides the gas with a single strand of gas, the wellhead basically has no liquid production, and the oil sleeve is connected when circulating.减少管柱脱落的措施有:将油管上扣扭矩由原来的值提高到值;采用油管螺纹垫片;定子上的装卸短节采用防松螺纹连接;采用油管锚或张力封隔器固定螺杆泵。The measures to reduce the falling off of the pipe string are as follows: increase the torque from the original value to the maximum value; use the oil pipe screw gasket; the loading and unloading joint on the stator is connected by loosening screw thread; and use the oil pipe anchor or tension packer to fix the screw pump.
杆柱脱落Rod shedding杆柱脱落也是螺杆泵常发生的一种故障现象,表现为运行电流很低,井口也无产液,正反循环油套不连通,通过对扣或下入抽油杆打捞工具就可以进行处理来恢复生产。抽油杆脱落也有两种情况,一是脱扣,一是掳扣。造成脱扣的原因是停机后抽油杆柱扭转变形余能释放引起杆柱反转,可以采取在地面和抽油杆柱上安装防倒装置进行防止。造成杆柱掳扣的原因有三个:一个是稠油井在长时间关井后再启泵时,启动扭矩特别大,把螺纹损坏了;一个是油特别稠,螺杆泵长期在高扭矩下工作而把螺纹损坏;再有一个原因是定子部分脱胶,转子转不动造成的。
D、限位器D, limiting device限位器为一个底部带限位板和流通通道的短节,接在定子的尾部,其作用是施工作业时给转子限位以防止下入过头而失去作用和杆柱脱落时防止杆柱掉入井底。The limiting device is a short section with bottom limit plate and distribution channel, which is connected to the tail of the stator. Its function is to limit the rotor to the rotor during ctruction1, so as to prevent it from falling into the overhead and lose its function and prevent the rod from falling into the bottom when the rod string falls off.
在使用一段时间的单螺杆泵吸不上液体很有可能是定子和转子损坏所致,检查更换新的定子或者转子就可以了。 进出口管道上的阀门没有打开或开度不够,打开进出口阀门就可以了。 填料密封的单螺杆泵有可能是填料磨损、机械密封的螺杆泵有可能机械密封面损坏或磨损,压紧或更换填料,机械密封损坏更换新的机械密封就可以了。
G型单螺杆泵型号在我国20世纪50年代就已生产,近年来G型单螺杆泵型号技术及其应用发展较快。G型单螺杆泵型号属于容积式泵,从结构上分:单螺杆泵、双螺杆泵、三螺杆泵及船用螺杆泵。其中双螺杆泵及三螺杆泵属于典型的工业泵类,本文所述的螺杆泵就指的是这两种泵。两者的工作原理基本相同,使用场合相似,区别在于双螺杆泵输送的介质粘度范围更宽些,且适用于非牛顿流体的输送。两者总效率相差不大,但双螺杆泵的容积率略低于三螺杆泵。